Respiratory Illnesses: When Breathing Becomes a Battle

Respiratory illnesses are the leading cause of child doctor visits. These conditions affect the airways, from those tiny noses to the delicate branches of their lungs. Let’s look at the most common culprits. 

• The Common Cold

It’s called “common” for a reason. The average child catches 6 to 8 colds yearly, each a whirlwind of sniffles, congestion, coughs, and sore throats. A low-grade fever might appear, and viruses cause most colds and resolve within 7 to 10 days. Treatment focuses on symptom relief and comfort. Ensure your child gets plenty of rest, offer fluids like water and electrolyte drinks, and consider over-the-counter medications to ease congestion or soothe a sore throat. Humidifiers can also loosen mucus and ease breathing. 

• • Did you know? Colds are most contagious in the first few days of symptoms. Chewing your child to cover their mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing and encouraging frequent handwashing can help prevent these pesky viruses. 

• Influenza (Flu)

Unlike its milder cousin, the common cold, the flu often strikes with a vengeance. High fever, chills, body aches, and fatigue accompany the usual cough and sore throat. Influenza can lead to serious complications like pneumonia, especially in young children and those with underlying health conditions. Treatment involves rest, hydration, and sometimes antiviral medications your doctor prescribes. But the most effective offense is better defense: the annual flu vaccine! It significantly reduces your child’s risk of flu. It can lessen the severity of the illness if they catch it. 

• • Fact: The flu vaccine is recommended for all children over six months of age. It’s updated yearly to match circulating flu strains, making protecting your child’s health essential. 

• Bronchiolitis

This illness affects babies and toddlers, causing inflammation and congestion in the lungs’ small airways. You might notice your child struggling to breathe, with rapid breathing, wheezing, and a persistent cough. Feeding can become difficult as breathing takes priority. While most bronchiolitis cases are mild and resolved with home care, some children, especially infants under six months, may require hospitalization for supportive care like oxygen therapy and mucus suction. 

• • Important Note: Bronchiolitis is often caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Premature babies and those with underlying heart or lung conditions are at a higher risk of severe illness. If your child is struggling to breathe or shows signs of dehydration, seek immediate medical attention.